The challenges associated with short volume sodium citrate blood samples

Exchangeable Sodium and Blood Volume

Eight normotensive and eight essential hypertensive humans were studied when on high and low sodium intake. Total 24-hr exchangeable body sodium, blood volume, serum sodium concentration, hematocrit, body weight, and mean arterial pressures, when the subjects were supine and upright, were measured. Plasma and nonplasma sodium fractions, nonplasma weight, and plasma, cell, and whole blood volume...

Acidic citrate stabilizes blood samples for assay of total homocysteine.

min were as follows: At 70 MPa (10 000 lb./in.), no pressure effect was evident; ;10% of maximal binding was observed at 140 MPa, 20% at 210 MPa, 50% at 280 MPa, and 80% at 420 MPa. Preincubation of the anti-p24 antibody alone (without the p24 antigen) at 420 MPa for 10 min did not result in any discernible decrease in absorbance, indicating that pressures as great as 420 MPa did not affect the...

Sodium dipotassium citrate, NaK2C6H5O7.

The crystal structure of sodium dipotassium citrate, Na(+)·2K(+)·C6H5O7 (3-), has been solved and refined using laboratory X-ray powder diffraction data, and optimized using density functional techniques. The Na(+) and one of the K(+) cations are six-coordinate, with bond-valence sums of 1.13 and 0.92 valence units, respectively, while another crystallographically independent K(+) cation is sev...

Deliberately Lowering Blood Pressure with Sodium Nitroprusside

The goal of hyptensive anesthesia is the safe reduction of intraoperative blood loss, thus reducing transfusion risks.  Previous hypotensive technics had a narrow margin of safety in that cardiac output was usually reduced in proportion to the degree of induced hypotension. This is in contrast to the results of our study, in which Sodium Nitroprusside was used as the sole hypotensive agent. Ni...

challenges associated with the concept of collaboration